In a shocking instant, Suffragette
Emily Davison is knocked to the ground by the King's horse during the
1913 Epsom Derby. Yet take a closer look and you'll see the majority of
spectators are instead watching the race.
(CNN) -- It is one of the most remarkable images of the 20th Century -- and no one is watching.
As the thoroughbreds stampede around the bend at Britain's most prestigious horse race, a lone woman darts onto the track.
In a shocking instant she
is mowed to the ground by one of the animals galloping at more than 55
kilometers per hour, her hat rolling away as she is trampled beneath the
pounding hooves.
Yet take a closer look at
the famous 1913 photo of suffragette Emily Davison sprawled on the
Epsom Derby race track, and you'll see the majority of spectators are
not straining to see the tragic scene -- but the winning horse crossing
the finishing line.
This Saturday marks 100
years since the feminist gave her life in a grisly -- and mysterious --
protest for women's right to vote, throwing herself in front of the
King's horse during the most high-profile sporting event on the planet.
"Emily Davison's actions were of huge significance,"
Melissa Benn, British journalist and daughter of former Labour MP Tony Benn, told CNN.
"She cared enough about a
principle - that women should have equal political rights - to
sacrifice her health, her reputation with the establishment, her
comfort, her safety and ultimately her life."
Feminism's forgotten hero?
But a century after her
horrifying death, how many people would be able to name one of the women
credited with helping bring about the vote for British females?
While 1950s U.S. civil
rights protester Rosa Parks made history for her refusal to give up her
bus seat, and Burmese democracy campaigner Aung San Suu Kyi famously
endured house arrest throughout the 1990s, the name "Emily Davison" has
failed to gain such international recognition.
"Very few women - or men - would be able to name her," said Benn.
"A lot of it was due to
the lack of widespread, mainstream media at the time -- limited
photography, film, newspaper coverage. News was filtered through very
few, limited sources -- and all of those were in the hands of powerful
men."
Despite the huge
coverage -- film technology was in its early days but the remarkable
incident was captured on three newsreel cameras -- many newspaper front
pages instead led on the winning horse.
"The big story in the
papers the next day was the winning horse Craganour having the title
taken off him for alleged rough riding,"
Michael Tanner, horse racing historian and author of the 'Suffragette Derby,' told CNN.
"The press treated Davison as a mad, middle-aged crank who had tried to destroy a pleasant day of sport for the masses."
Four days after she dashed beneath the pounding hooves, Davison died in hospital from her horrific injuries.
The 40-year-old passed
away amid public condemnation, with the Queen Mother reportedly sending
her apologies to the jockey that the race had been interrupted by a
"brutal lunatic woman."
It's unclear whether
Davison intended to commit suicide at the Epsom Derby. She was carrying a
return train ticket and a banner, with some historians now suggesting
she instead
wanted to attach the banner to the royal racehorse Anmer.
She cared enough about a principle - that women should have equal political rights - to sacrifice her life
Melissa Benn
A militant campaigner
Born in London in 1872,
Davison studied literature at Royal Holloway College before working as a
teacher in an era when a woman's place was as a dedicated wife and
mother in the home.
At 32 she joined the
Women's Social and Political Union -- known as the Suffragettes -- a
campaign group for women's right to vote, who carried out militant
protests such as chaining themselves to railings and prison hunger
strikes.
On the night of the 1911
census, Davison hid in a broom cupboard in the House of Commons so that
when asked to fill out the form, the address of a woman without the
vote would, ironically, be Parliament.
In 1999, Melissa Benn's
Labour MP father, Tony Benn, fitted a brass plate to the crypt door to
commemorate the audacious protest.
"What's interesting is how Davison's tactics so suit a later age -- which is more dramatic and media-savvy," said Melissa.
"There was certainly
controversy about the suffragettes' methods -- many thought they were
publicity-seeking and destructive and too elitist -- and there was
tremendous dispute within the movement about their tactics."
Davison was arrested
nine times for her demonstrations and even in prison was a force to be
reckoned with -- throwing herself down an iron staircase and going on
hunger strikes.
White funeral
While Davison's fatal
Epsom Derby protest divided opinion, her coffin procession through the
streets of London -- including a haunting sea of suffragettes dressed in
white -- had the appearance of a "state funeral," said Tanner.
"It was arguably bigger
than Margret Thatcher's funeral," he added. "The suffragettes held her
up as a heroine. In death, she became a martyr."
Five years after
Davison's death, in 1918, women aged over 30 won the vote in Britain.
Ten years later the age was reduced to 21 -- equal with men.
"Her legacy today is an
enfranchised female population: a growing number of women in mainstream
politics; the first woman Prime Minister; a much more equal society,"
said Benn.
"But we still have a long way to go. Four fifths of Parliament are men -- it is a very masculine place."
Tanner however, argues
that the outbreak of World War One the following year did more to help
the women's movement than Davison's deadly protest.
"It was more of a result
of the female contribution to the war effort, that the first movements
were made to giving some concessions to women," he said.
One thing is certain,
100 years ago Davison paid the ultimate sacrifice in her for equality --
with a fearlessness that still resonates today.