Mental Health Challenges Of Stroke Patientsphoto

One of the most  popular aphorisms is that the mind and the brain are two sides of the same coin. This is a provocative  statement  that elicits much controversy in the pursuit of the care of the brain and the mind.
This is very crucial when there is a disease of the brain, with florid behavioural and cognitive abnormalities. The psychiatrist recognises the brain as the substrate for the elaboration of symptoms of mental illness, whether at  the structural, physiological or biochemical levels.
One of the most outstsanding breakthroughs in clinical psychiatry is the discovery of the antipsychotic that exerts its therapeutic efficacy by manipulating some biochemical properties of  regions of the brain that coordinate behaviour and emotion.
Even for extremely abstractive and sophisticated tasks of enormous social significance, certain  networks and circuits have  been localised  secondary to intense physio-biochemical activities in particular regions of the brain. As I write this piece, some parts  of my brain are more active,  which clearly illustrates that the mind, essentially, is a functional elaboration of the brain. Countless debates among philosophers abound, but this assertion has been empirically demonstrated. One of those clinical scenarios consequent on this paradigm occurs when a patient is diagnosed of having stroke by the attending physican.
Stroke, simply defined, is the sudden loss of blood supply to an area of the brain, resulting in permanent tissue damage. It is about the most common neurological disorder that accounts for half of illnesses of sudden onset  in most medical wards. The compromise of the blood supply could have been as a result of direct  damage of the bloood vessel or blockage; however, what is crucial here is brain tissue damage.
The clinical presentation of stroke is therefore a product of the particular region of the brain that is  affected, the extent of damage that has occured and, invariably, the function that the area subserves. While the relatives, the attending physician, speech therapist and physiotherapists may be justifiably concerned about the loss of motor function, the attendant mental health challenges also require attention.
Beyond the recorvery of motor functions, there should be an adequate plan to attend to issues of the mind arising as a loss of function, loss of role and loss of status. One can imagine a versatile professional lawn tennis or football player coming down with stroke, with loss of function in his limbs such that he is confined to the wheelchair and cannot play; or a musician who cannot sing again as a result of stroke affecting his ability to execute speech.
The same goes for a caterer who cannot use her hand again. In fact, the list is endless. The central theme, however, is the  loss of function that invariably leads to loss of role, loss of relevance, loss of self esteem, with grave implication for the  psychological wellbeing of such individuals. From the basic psychological principle of loss, symptoms of depression are, as expected, very common, which may present early or come after six months of experiencing stroke.
Almost two-thirds of stroke patients may have come down with depressive illness in the first two years. It is usually characterised by daytime variation of moods, weight loss because of loss of appetite, loss of self esteem and extreme withdrawal from social activities. For some, ideas of suicide and feelings of regret and guilt may predominate later.